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The IP address 169.254.169.254 is a link-local address used by AWS to host the Instance Metadata Service. This service is accessible only from within the EC2 instance itself. It provides data about the instance, including its network configuration, instance ID, and, most importantly, temporary security credentials associated with the IAM role assigned to that instance. The Anatomy of the Attack

Are you investigating a specific or vulnerability scan alert ?

The attacker forces the application to request the metadata endpoint.

: The Instance Metadata Service responds with a set of temporary security credentials. These credentials are typically short-lived (with a lifespan that can be configured but usually defaults to a few hours).

This is a well-known and internal endpoint used by cloud providers, specifically Amazon Web Services (AWS) EC2 and similar services (like Google Cloud, Azure IMDS, or OpenStack).

Recommendations * Validate and sanitize user-supplied URLs. * Block requests to internal IP ranges like 254.169.254 (IMDS) * Log a... Hacking Articles Cloud Instance Metadata Services (IMDS) - SANS Institute

The IMDSv2 workflow is a two-step process:

The risk is amplified by the existence of , the original version of the service. This version does not require any form of authentication or session token. An attacker can trigger a single unauthenticated HTTP GET request to http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/iam/security-credentials/ROLE_NAME and receive the IAM credentials in the response. As one security report notes, attackers can exploit SSRF vulnerabilities to steal IAM credentials via IMDSv1 with a single GET request, bypassing any token requirements. This is the fundamental reason why IMDSv1 is considered a legacy and insecure protocol.

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Request-url-http-3a-2f-2f169.254.169.254-2flatest-2fmeta Data-2fiam-2fsecurity Credentials-2f New!

The IP address 169.254.169.254 is a link-local address used by AWS to host the Instance Metadata Service. This service is accessible only from within the EC2 instance itself. It provides data about the instance, including its network configuration, instance ID, and, most importantly, temporary security credentials associated with the IAM role assigned to that instance. The Anatomy of the Attack

Are you investigating a specific or vulnerability scan alert ?

The attacker forces the application to request the metadata endpoint. The IP address 169

: The Instance Metadata Service responds with a set of temporary security credentials. These credentials are typically short-lived (with a lifespan that can be configured but usually defaults to a few hours).

This is a well-known and internal endpoint used by cloud providers, specifically Amazon Web Services (AWS) EC2 and similar services (like Google Cloud, Azure IMDS, or OpenStack). The Anatomy of the Attack Are you investigating

Recommendations * Validate and sanitize user-supplied URLs. * Block requests to internal IP ranges like 254.169.254 (IMDS) * Log a... Hacking Articles Cloud Instance Metadata Services (IMDS) - SANS Institute

The IMDSv2 workflow is a two-step process: These credentials are typically short-lived (with a lifespan

The risk is amplified by the existence of , the original version of the service. This version does not require any form of authentication or session token. An attacker can trigger a single unauthenticated HTTP GET request to http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/iam/security-credentials/ROLE_NAME and receive the IAM credentials in the response. As one security report notes, attackers can exploit SSRF vulnerabilities to steal IAM credentials via IMDSv1 with a single GET request, bypassing any token requirements. This is the fundamental reason why IMDSv1 is considered a legacy and insecure protocol.